Types of Speech Disorders:

• Articulation Disorders:

  Difficulty producing specific sounds correctly, often characterized by substitutions, omissions, distortions, or additions of sounds. 

   
• Fluency Disorders:

  Disruptions in the smooth flow of speech, commonly seen as stuttering with repetitions, prolongations, or hesitations. 

   
• Voice Disorders:

  Abnormal quality of voice, including hoarseness, breathiness, or excessive vocal strain. 

   
• Motor Speech Disorders:

  Difficulty with the physical movements required for speech due to neurological conditions, including dysarthria (weak or imprecise articulation) and apraxia (difficulty planning and coordinating speech movements). 

   
• Phonological Disorders:

  Difficulty with the sound system of language, affecting patterns of sound usage rather than just individual sound production. 

   

• Developmental delays: Difficulty acquiring speech sounds at the expected age. 
   
• Structural abnormalities: Cleft palate, tongue tie, or other anatomical issues affecting speech production. 
   
• Neurological conditions: Stroke, brain injury, Parkinson's disease, cerebral palsy. 
   
• Hearing loss: Difficulty perceiving sounds accurately can impact speech development. 
   
• Sensory processing issues: Challenges with integrating sensory information that can affect speech coordination.